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Base excess/deficit: A calculated number that represents a sum total of the metabolic buffering agents(anions) in the blood; these anions include hemoglobin,protiens,phosphate, and bicarbonate(HCO3,dominant anion); these anions try to compensate for imbalance in the pH caused by diseases or condition that affect the lung (respiratory acidosis or alkalosis) or kidney (Metabolic acidosis or alkalosis).

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