China’s robot revolution
Factories in China are replacing humans with robots in a new automation-driven industrial revolution. How will this effect be felt around the globe?
https://next.ft.com/content/1dbd8c60-0cc6-11e6-ad80-67655613c2d6 อ่านต่อเอาเอง
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Robot Invasion Undercuts Modi’s Quest to Put Indians to Work
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-09/india-robot-invasion-undercuts-modi-s-quest-to-put-poor-to-work
India’s largely uneducated labor force and broken educational system aren’t ready for the more complex jobs that workers need when their low-skilled roles are taken over by machines. Meanwhile, nations employing robots more quickly, such as China, are becoming even more competitive.
“The need for unskilled labor is beginning to diminish,” Akhilesh Tilotia, head of thematic research at Kotak Institutional Equities in Mumbai and author of a book on India’s demographic impact. “Whatever education we’re putting in and whatever skill development we’re potentially trying to put out - - does it match where the industry will potentially be five to 10 years hence? That linkage is reasonably broken in India.”
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That demographic dividend may not pay out as expected. For one, India’s working-age population is increasing far faster than the number of jobs in the formal sector: roughly 1 million a month versus 1 million a year, according to a report by JustJobs Network, a labor research institute. It’s also not clear if factories planned today will create the number and type of jobs that Modi is expecting.
“If you build a factory today assuming that it will create 100 jobs, in the course of 10 years as new technologies are adopted, it may create only 10 or 20 percent of the jobs you expected,” said Makoto Yokoyama, the head of Mitsubishi Electric Corp.’s factory automation division in India, who has witnessed Japan’s car plants employ fewer and fewer workers.
“It’d be a lie to say that robots won’t steal jobs,” said Sonali Kulkarni, who heads the India unit of Fanuc Corp., one of the world’s biggest robot makers. “They will, but not the jobs that people should be aspiring to. People are capable of really a lot more than mindlessly loading or unloading from a machine or welding.”
Yet India is failing to educate its illiterate 287 million -- greater than the population of every other country except China and the U.S. -- to do much more than that.
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Tharman Shanmugaratnam, chairman of the International Monetary Fund’s policy advisory committee until March and Singapore’s finance minister, gives India -- and rivals such as Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia -- a fast-closing window to catch up with rich countries or miss the boat.
“Time is not on India’s side,” he told Indian policymakers at a government conference in December. “I give 10 years for labor-intensive manufacturing to survive in its present form before machines take over.”
เตรียมก้าวเข้าสู่ยุคหุ่นยนตร์ ถ้ายุคนี้มา การที่จะมีประเทศที่พัฒนาอุตสาหกรรมแบบจีน เกาหลีใต้อาจไม่มี
Factories in China are replacing humans with robots in a new automation-driven industrial revolution. How will this effect be felt around the globe?
https://next.ft.com/content/1dbd8c60-0cc6-11e6-ad80-67655613c2d6 อ่านต่อเอาเอง
ชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชช
Robot Invasion Undercuts Modi’s Quest to Put Indians to Work
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-09/india-robot-invasion-undercuts-modi-s-quest-to-put-poor-to-work
India’s largely uneducated labor force and broken educational system aren’t ready for the more complex jobs that workers need when their low-skilled roles are taken over by machines. Meanwhile, nations employing robots more quickly, such as China, are becoming even more competitive.
“The need for unskilled labor is beginning to diminish,” Akhilesh Tilotia, head of thematic research at Kotak Institutional Equities in Mumbai and author of a book on India’s demographic impact. “Whatever education we’re putting in and whatever skill development we’re potentially trying to put out - - does it match where the industry will potentially be five to 10 years hence? That linkage is reasonably broken in India.”
ชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชช
That demographic dividend may not pay out as expected. For one, India’s working-age population is increasing far faster than the number of jobs in the formal sector: roughly 1 million a month versus 1 million a year, according to a report by JustJobs Network, a labor research institute. It’s also not clear if factories planned today will create the number and type of jobs that Modi is expecting.
“If you build a factory today assuming that it will create 100 jobs, in the course of 10 years as new technologies are adopted, it may create only 10 or 20 percent of the jobs you expected,” said Makoto Yokoyama, the head of Mitsubishi Electric Corp.’s factory automation division in India, who has witnessed Japan’s car plants employ fewer and fewer workers.
“It’d be a lie to say that robots won’t steal jobs,” said Sonali Kulkarni, who heads the India unit of Fanuc Corp., one of the world’s biggest robot makers. “They will, but not the jobs that people should be aspiring to. People are capable of really a lot more than mindlessly loading or unloading from a machine or welding.”
Yet India is failing to educate its illiterate 287 million -- greater than the population of every other country except China and the U.S. -- to do much more than that.
ชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชชช
Tharman Shanmugaratnam, chairman of the International Monetary Fund’s policy advisory committee until March and Singapore’s finance minister, gives India -- and rivals such as Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia -- a fast-closing window to catch up with rich countries or miss the boat.
“Time is not on India’s side,” he told Indian policymakers at a government conference in December. “I give 10 years for labor-intensive manufacturing to survive in its present form before machines take over.”