คือผมลองทำ แล้วแต่ยังไม่ค่อยมั่นใจคำตอบ ขอรบกวนพี่ๆ ช่วยตรวจหรือให้คำชี้แจงให้หน่อยนะครับ ขอบพระคุณที่สละเวลาให้ครับ ขอบคุณครับ
Passage 1
Researcher and experience have shown that children and adolescents do not necessarily define winning the way adults do (i,e, winning is not synonymous with success; nor is losing synonymous with failure). Children are quite perceptive, however, to coaches’ and parents’ reactions to winning and losing games or events. If positive affect (Joy and excitement) follows only winning and negative affect (embarrassment and disappointment) follows losing, children may acquire a fear of failure or of negative evaluation in sport settings, such fears have a detrimental effect on future motivation and performance (Gould, 1984)
Children often define success in terms of trying one’s best, improving since the last performance and enjoying the activity. The process of mastering and demonstrating skill, rather than the product of these mastery attempts, is deemed most important by children and youth. Thus, coaches and parents would do well to reinforce and encourage effort and improvement much more than product measures, such as points scored and place earned. A focus on the mastery of skills will maximize the develop of physical, social and psychological skill (Weiss, 1987).
When learning new skills, mistakes become a part of the process. To feel successful and continue to be motivated, children need to be encouraged and given specific information feedback about ways to improve. We call this the sandwich approach to communication (Simith, Small & Curtis, 1979) : First, respond to a skill error with encouragement and positive reinforcement about what was executed correctly (e.g., “Your stance was perfect”.) Then follow with instructions on what to practice next time (e.g.,”Start your swing toward the pitched ball earlier”). End on a positive, optimistic note (e.g,”Keep up the effort; your contact with the ball will get better soon”.)
All too often adults respond negatively to a child’s mistake (e.g.,”How many times do I have to tell you to swing earlier”.) Such statements defuse the child’s enthusiasm for learning and enjoyment of the activity. In sport it is important to catch kids doing thinks correctly in order to contribute positively to self esteem, motivation and enjoyment, as well as physical skill development.
Q.1) The product of children’s mastery attempts can refer to their……..
a. effort
b. victory
c. activity
d. enjoyment
(ตอบ c. activity)
Q.2) The development of children’s skills can be maximized by ………
a. adults’ approving of the mastery process
b. children’s elimination of skill errors
c. adults’s emphasis on scores
d. children’s improved status
(ตอบ d. children’s improved status)
Q.3) When children start learning to play a new game
a. skill errors must not be allowed
b. they should be motivated to defeat their opponent
c. negative résponses to children’s mistakes should be avoided
d. they should be encouraged to improve themselves in their own ways.
(ตอบ d. they should be encouraged to improve themselves in their own ways. )
Q.4) The “sandwich approach” is a method of………
a. trial and error
b. self-instruction
c. learning by doing
d. encouragement and interaction
(ตอบ d. encouragement and interaction )
Q.5) To “catch kids doing things correctly” means to…………
a. supervise children closely
b. observe what children are doing
c. notice children when they perform properly
d. rightfully force children to acquire mastery skills
(ตอบ d. rightfully force children to acquire mastery skills)
Passage 2
In traveling, careful planning is better than packing everything in sight which results in more suitcase than you can carry. But this doesn’t mean that the traveler should underpack. For instance, you won’t enjoy a tropical paradise if you fail to pack enough bathing suits, beach clothes, and so-called resort ear. Never forget that there are plenty of resorts where you won’t feel comfortable in the evening without a reasonably elegant suit or a pretty dress, and that part of the fun of traveling is dressing up and looking your best.
Packing is a necessary evil - you can’t travel without doing it. But it can be less painful if you practice the following rules:
*If you can’t pick up your luggage at home once it is packed, take something out. It won’t be lighter when you’re standing at the airport looking for a porter.
*Carry with you, in a separate shoulder bag, what you can’t afford to lose, or what you’d need if you were delayed for 24 hours in London or New York.
*Despite the sunny pictures in the brochures, always assume it might rain or get cold. Be prepared.
*Never assume that because a hotel is expensive your room won’t be broken into. It doesn’t happen often, but it is more likely to happen in a first- class hotel, where the pickings are good, than in a cheap hotel. All hotels, however humble, have a safe in the office, Use it and save yourself worry, risk, and aggravation.
Remember, the objective of traveling is to get where you want to go in comfort and to have fun when you get there, pack accordingly.
Q6) The main idea of the passage is that…….
a. it is fun to dress up when you travel
b. the traveler should plan carefully before packing
c. the traveler should under pack to avoid too many suitcases.
d. it is advisable to choose the resort where you will feel comfortable
(ตอบ b. the traveler should plan carefully before packing )
Q7) Packing is a necessary evil means that packing is …………..
a. unpleasant but avoidable
b. unpleasant but unavoidable
c. harmful but avoidable
d. pain less but unavoidable
(ตอบ c. harmful but avoidable)
Q8) The first packing rule suggests that you should…..
a. carry your own luggage.
b. look for a porter at the airport.
c. hire a porter if you can’t life your luggage.
d. try to take fewer things if your luggage is heavy.
(ตอบ d. try to take fewer things if your luggage is heavy.)
Q9) The writer states that costly hotels are………….
a. never broken into
b. known for better safes in the office.
c. safer from robbery than cheap hotels
d. more risky for robbery than cheap hotels
(ตอบ d. more risky for robbery than cheap hotels)
Q10) The purpose of the passage is to…….
a. show the advantages of packing
b. explain what packing means
c. give some guidance in packing
d. list rings that must be packed
(ตอบ c.give some guidance in packing)
ขอรบกวนหน่อยนะครับ ขอบพระคุณมาก ๆ ครับ ที่ช่วยสละมาตรวจครับ ขอบคุณครับ
ขอรบกวนช่วยตรวจ Reading ให้หน่อยครับ
Passage 1
Researcher and experience have shown that children and adolescents do not necessarily define winning the way adults do (i,e, winning is not synonymous with success; nor is losing synonymous with failure). Children are quite perceptive, however, to coaches’ and parents’ reactions to winning and losing games or events. If positive affect (Joy and excitement) follows only winning and negative affect (embarrassment and disappointment) follows losing, children may acquire a fear of failure or of negative evaluation in sport settings, such fears have a detrimental effect on future motivation and performance (Gould, 1984)
Children often define success in terms of trying one’s best, improving since the last performance and enjoying the activity. The process of mastering and demonstrating skill, rather than the product of these mastery attempts, is deemed most important by children and youth. Thus, coaches and parents would do well to reinforce and encourage effort and improvement much more than product measures, such as points scored and place earned. A focus on the mastery of skills will maximize the develop of physical, social and psychological skill (Weiss, 1987).
When learning new skills, mistakes become a part of the process. To feel successful and continue to be motivated, children need to be encouraged and given specific information feedback about ways to improve. We call this the sandwich approach to communication (Simith, Small & Curtis, 1979) : First, respond to a skill error with encouragement and positive reinforcement about what was executed correctly (e.g., “Your stance was perfect”.) Then follow with instructions on what to practice next time (e.g.,”Start your swing toward the pitched ball earlier”). End on a positive, optimistic note (e.g,”Keep up the effort; your contact with the ball will get better soon”.)
All too often adults respond negatively to a child’s mistake (e.g.,”How many times do I have to tell you to swing earlier”.) Such statements defuse the child’s enthusiasm for learning and enjoyment of the activity. In sport it is important to catch kids doing thinks correctly in order to contribute positively to self esteem, motivation and enjoyment, as well as physical skill development.
Q.1) The product of children’s mastery attempts can refer to their……..
a. effort
b. victory
c. activity
d. enjoyment
(ตอบ c. activity)
Q.2) The development of children’s skills can be maximized by ………
a. adults’ approving of the mastery process
b. children’s elimination of skill errors
c. adults’s emphasis on scores
d. children’s improved status
(ตอบ d. children’s improved status)
Q.3) When children start learning to play a new game
a. skill errors must not be allowed
b. they should be motivated to defeat their opponent
c. negative résponses to children’s mistakes should be avoided
d. they should be encouraged to improve themselves in their own ways.
(ตอบ d. they should be encouraged to improve themselves in their own ways. )
Q.4) The “sandwich approach” is a method of………
a. trial and error
b. self-instruction
c. learning by doing
d. encouragement and interaction
(ตอบ d. encouragement and interaction )
Q.5) To “catch kids doing things correctly” means to…………
a. supervise children closely
b. observe what children are doing
c. notice children when they perform properly
d. rightfully force children to acquire mastery skills
(ตอบ d. rightfully force children to acquire mastery skills)
Passage 2
In traveling, careful planning is better than packing everything in sight which results in more suitcase than you can carry. But this doesn’t mean that the traveler should underpack. For instance, you won’t enjoy a tropical paradise if you fail to pack enough bathing suits, beach clothes, and so-called resort ear. Never forget that there are plenty of resorts where you won’t feel comfortable in the evening without a reasonably elegant suit or a pretty dress, and that part of the fun of traveling is dressing up and looking your best.
Packing is a necessary evil - you can’t travel without doing it. But it can be less painful if you practice the following rules:
*If you can’t pick up your luggage at home once it is packed, take something out. It won’t be lighter when you’re standing at the airport looking for a porter.
*Carry with you, in a separate shoulder bag, what you can’t afford to lose, or what you’d need if you were delayed for 24 hours in London or New York.
*Despite the sunny pictures in the brochures, always assume it might rain or get cold. Be prepared.
*Never assume that because a hotel is expensive your room won’t be broken into. It doesn’t happen often, but it is more likely to happen in a first- class hotel, where the pickings are good, than in a cheap hotel. All hotels, however humble, have a safe in the office, Use it and save yourself worry, risk, and aggravation.
Remember, the objective of traveling is to get where you want to go in comfort and to have fun when you get there, pack accordingly.
Q6) The main idea of the passage is that…….
a. it is fun to dress up when you travel
b. the traveler should plan carefully before packing
c. the traveler should under pack to avoid too many suitcases.
d. it is advisable to choose the resort where you will feel comfortable
(ตอบ b. the traveler should plan carefully before packing )
Q7) Packing is a necessary evil means that packing is …………..
a. unpleasant but avoidable
b. unpleasant but unavoidable
c. harmful but avoidable
d. pain less but unavoidable
(ตอบ c. harmful but avoidable)
Q8) The first packing rule suggests that you should…..
a. carry your own luggage.
b. look for a porter at the airport.
c. hire a porter if you can’t life your luggage.
d. try to take fewer things if your luggage is heavy.
(ตอบ d. try to take fewer things if your luggage is heavy.)
Q9) The writer states that costly hotels are………….
a. never broken into
b. known for better safes in the office.
c. safer from robbery than cheap hotels
d. more risky for robbery than cheap hotels
(ตอบ d. more risky for robbery than cheap hotels)
Q10) The purpose of the passage is to…….
a. show the advantages of packing
b. explain what packing means
c. give some guidance in packing
d. list rings that must be packed
(ตอบ c.give some guidance in packing)
ขอรบกวนหน่อยนะครับ ขอบพระคุณมาก ๆ ครับ ที่ช่วยสละมาตรวจครับ ขอบคุณครับ